Importance of Petrology

Petrology


Scientific Federation is going to conduct a conference on Earth Science & Geo Science at Amsterdam, Netherlands on August 13-14, 2018. Petrology is one of session where presentations can be done at Summit.

Dr. Mokhles K. Azer who is Professor of Geological Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Egypt and who specializes in igneous and metamorphic petrology and regional tectonics, with a particular research focus on the petrogenesis and geochemistry of juvenile crust of the Arabian-Nubian Shield exposed in Eastern Desert and Sinai. His scholarly accomplishments have received several honors and awarded many prizes due to his outstanding contributions to the geology of Egypt. Dr. Mokhles K. Azer was published 76 works (papers and abstracts). The papers are published in the most prestigious scientific journals in the field of Geology with High Impact factor.  Being a Featured Speaker at International Conference on Earth Science & Geo Science Conference held by Scientific Federation Dr. Mokhles K. Azer is going to talk on ‘The Homrit-Waggat granitoids of the Eastern Desert of Egypt and the transition from subduction-related to post-collisional magmatism in the north Arabian-Nubian Shield.’ A brief summary is presented here.

We report field and geochemical observations of the granitoids of the Homrit Waggat area in the central Eastern Desert of Egypt. We recognize two magmatic phases in the study area. The early phase of weakly deformed subduction-related calc-alkaline rocks includes tonalite and granodiorite. We label the later phase the Homrit Waggat Pluton (HWP); it includes undeformed biotite granite, alkali feldspar granite, and minor albitized granite. The tonalite and granodiorite have lower alkalis, REE, Nb, Zr and Hf with Ta-Nb troughs than the granites of the HWP. The geochemical characteristics of both phases reflect a range of magma sources that evolved through fractional crystallization and crustal contamination. The early magmatic pulse is a subduction-related suite generated by underplating of mantle-derived magmas that triggered partial melting of mafic lower crust; mixing of these melts led to intermediate magma that further fractionated to tonalite and granodiorite. The original textures of the albitized granites are preserved, but their bulk composition was modified by the production of Na-rich minerals and the removal of K, REE, and some trace elements by fluids.

Dr. Reza Zarei Sahamieh Who is a professor of Petrology and scientific member at department of geology, Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Iran. He also had been appointed as Head of Geology Department of Lorestan University six years (2011-2017). His research interested area is Petrology and Geochemistry on witch eight Ph.D researches is carrying out. Dr. Reza Zarei Sahamieh was published 35 technical papers in national and international journals and more than 80 technical papers in national and international symposiums. He has got many national awards from different professional societies and organizations. Being a Featured Speaker at International Conference on Earth Science & Geo Science Conference held by Scientific Federation Dr. Reza Zarei Sahamieh is going to talk on ‘Petrology and Geochemistry of Kermanshah OphioliteComplex the Remnant of Southern Neo-Tethys Ocean(Western of Iran).’ A brief summary is presented here.

The Kermanshah (Harsin) ophiolite as remnant of the Mesozoic southern branch of the Neo-Tethys Ocean and as well as precursous remnants of the Peri-Arabic ophiolite system obducted on to Arabian shield (Gondwana). Petrographic evidences indicate that this ophiolitic sequence consists of both mantle and crustal rock units. The complex consists of harzburgitic, lherzoliticperidotites, isotropic and myloniticgabbros, dyke complex, basaltic pillow lavas and small outcrop of plagiogranite. Geochemical studies indicate that  Harsin mafic rocks(SE Kermanshah)  bears charactristics of island arc environment while the mafic and ultramafic rocks of Sahneh region(NE Kermanshah) displaying P-type MORB nature. Occurrences of basalts with different composition in this region can be interpreted as the result of an interaction between MORB-type and OIA-type asthenosphere. Field relationships and geochemical evidences reveal that the Harsinophiolites were a part of a rifted basin at the ocean-continent transition zone formed in the south of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean. Geological evidences imply the subducting of Southern Neo-TethyanOcean in an island arc geotectonic system during the Late Cretaceous culminated in closure of Southern Neo-Tethyan basin as well as formation of arc and back arc basin in the region and associated lithounits in Kermanshah ophiolite. This would also explain both the contemporaneous occurrence of MORB-type and OIB-type magmatism, as well as the lack of a magmatic evolution from depleted to enriched rocks.

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Importance of Geomorphology


Geomorphology


Scientific Federation is going to conduct a conference on Earth Science & Geo Science at Amsterdam, Netherlands on August 13-14, 2018. Geomorphology is one of session where presentations can be done at Summit.

Dr. Numair Siddiqui who is Lecturer of the Geosciences Dept. of Petroleum Geosciences, and University Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia. His research and industrial experience in Siliciclastic rock, SE Asia Onshore Fields, Reservoir Characterization and Modeling and Oil and Gas Upstream. Dr. Numair Siddiqui main area of interest is siliciclastic shallow-marine deposits, reservoir modeling and characterization with its analogue to subsurface modeling.  Being an Featured Speaker at International Conference on Earth Science & Geo Science Conference held by Scientific Federation Dr. Numair Siddiqui is going to talk on ‘TOPOGRAOHI INDUCEED FLOODING: A CASE STUDY OF SABAH, BORNEO  .’ A brief summary is presented here.

Conventionally, flooding is attributed to heavy rainfall and consequent breaching of river banks. In Sabah, in Tenom, Keningau and Tambunan, the mean annual precipitation rates are considerably low and can be compared to some European countries having low rainfall tares e.g. France. Despite low rainfall, in this region, flooding has resulted in loss of property and many lives. Through the analysis, it is demonstrated that deluge in this region is driven by geological and climate controls. From this research work, it is infer that the ridge lines of mountain surrounding Tenom, Keningau and Tambunan are migrating landwards due to tectonics and climate forcing leading to a formation of a blocked basin that cannot drain the water out of the system due to the resultant topography.  The ongoing crustal uplift and rainfall gradient induced by the existing topography, prompted a wet rainy flank on one side of the mountain ranges, called orthographic precipitation, while the other side remains protected from rainfall forcing the mountain ridge line to migrate .This phenomenon is demonstrated through our analysis, which leads to rapid erosion and removal of crustal material from the wet side resulting in a gentle and shallow slop and steepening of hill slope on the dry side, leading to landslides and consequent flooding. 

Dr. Shahram roostaei. Who is a professor of Geomorphology and scientific member at department of Geomorphology, University of Tabriz, Iran. He is also had been appointed as Head of Geomorphology Department of University of Tabriz 4 years (2009-2013) and Dean of Faculty 4 years(2013-2017).Dr.Shahram roostaei was published 65 technical papers in national and international journals and more than 50 technical papers in national and international symposiums. Being a Featured Speaker at International Conference on Earth Science & Geo Science Conference held by Scientific Federation Dr. Shahram roostaei is going to talk on ‘Geomorphic consequence of The Giant Saymarreh Landslide and Lake in Zagros Mountains, Iran.’ A brief summary is presented here.

The Saymarreh landslide is one of the largest known landslides in the world where is located in the southwest of Iran. In this paper, it is investigated characteristics and geomorphologic influences of this landslide comparing to the largest landslides of the world. To achieve this goal, ETM2002 satellite images, IRS of PAN and LISS III satellites satellite images (Of 2004 and 2006), topographic maps, geological mapsand SRTM DEM data as well as ArcGIS software were employed. The research method is empirical and based on analysis of field data. In this regard, the process of the landslide formation causes and morphometric characteristics of the landslide in three classes of slide area, mass movement and displacement parameters along with deposited materials in the Saymarreh Dam lakes have been studied. Among these factors, undercutting of the Asmari limestone layers made by the Saymarreh and Kashkan Rivers, particularly in front of the landslide, is the most important cause (reason) of the landslide occurrence. As a result, the reoccurrence of the Saymarreh landslide in several times had led to obstruction of the Saymarreh River. Stratigraphy studies on the lake sediments, and the age of its terraces implies clearly renewal of the lake in at least 4 stages. The sequences of the lake terraces and other evidences confirm different scales of reoccurrence of the large Saymarreh landslide. Also, comparing the volume of the Saymarreh landslide (exceeding 40Gm3) with those of other large landslides, which have occurred up to now (not underneath the oceans), verifies that the landslide is indeed the largest landslide in the world.

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